Hardware standard parts
Time：2022/5/18 Browse：2004
Hardware standard parts generally refer to standard parts made of metal, which usually includes the following 12 types of parts:
1. Bolt: a kind of fastener composed of head and screw (cylinder with external thread), which needs to be matched with nut to fasten and connect two parts with through holes. This type of connection is called bolt connection. If the nut is unscrewed from the bolt, the two parts can be separated, so the bolt connection is a removable connection.
2. Stud: it is a kind of fastener without head and with external threads on both ends. When connecting, one end of it must be screwed into the part with internal thread hole, and the other end must pass through the part with through hole, and then screw on the nut, even if the two parts are firmly connected as a whole. This connection form is called stud connection, which is also a detachable connection. It is mainly used when one of the connected parts is thick, requires compact structure, or is not suitable for bolt connection due to frequent disassembly.
3. Screw: it is also a kind of fastener composed of head and screw. It can be divided into three categories according to purpose: machine screw, set screw and special purpose screw. Machine screws are mainly used for the fastening connection between a part with a fixed threaded hole and a part with a through hole, without nut matching (this connection form is called screw connection, which also belongs to removable connection; it can also be matched with nuts, which is used for the fastening connection between two parts with a through hole.) The set screw is mainly used to fix the relative position between two parts. Special purpose screws, such as eyebolt, are used for hoisting parts.
4. Nut: with internal thread hole, the shape is generally flat hexagonal column, or flat square column or flat cylindrical. It is used to fasten and connect two parts into a whole with bolts, studs or machine screws.
5. Self tapping screw: similar to machine screw, but the thread on the screw is a special thread for self tapping screw. It is used to fasten and connect two thin metal components into a whole. Small holes need to be made on the component in advance. Because the screw has high hardness, it can be directly screwed into the hole of the component to form corresponding internal threads in the component. This connection form also belongs to removable connection.
6. Wood screw: it is also similar to machine screw, but the thread on the screw is a special thread for wood screw, which can be directly screwed into wooden components (or parts) for fastening and connecting a metal (or non-metal) part with through hole with a wooden component. This connection is also a detachable connection.
7. Washer: a kind of fastener with flat circular shape. It is placed between the support surface of bolts, screws or nuts and the surface of connecting parts to increase the contact surface area of connected parts, reduce the pressure per unit area and protect the surface of connected parts from damage; Another kind of elastic washer can also prevent the nut from loosening.
8. Retaining ring: it is installed in the shaft groove or hole groove of machine and equipment to prevent the parts on the shaft or hole from moving left and right.
9. Pin: it is mainly used for positioning parts, and some can also be used for connecting parts, fixing parts, transmitting power or locking other fasteners.
10. Rivet: a kind of fastener composed of head and nail rod, which is used to fasten and connect two parts (or components) with through holes to make them a whole. This connection form is called rivet connection, which is called riveting for short. It is connected with non detachable. Because to separate the two parts connected together, the rivets on the parts must be destroyed.
11. Assembly and connecting pair: assembly refers to a kind of fastener supplied in combination, such as a machine screw (or bolt, self supplied screw) and flat washer (or spring washer, lock washer); Connection pair refers to a kind of fastener that combines a special bolt, nut and washer, such as high-strength large hexagon bolt connection pair for steel structure.
12. Welding nail: heterogeneous fastener composed of nail rod and nail head (or no nail head), which is fixedly connected to one part (or component) by welding, so as to be connected with other parts.
Standard parts refer to common parts (parts) whose structure, size, drawing, marking and other aspects have been fully standardized and produced by professional factories, such as threaded parts, keys, pins, rolling bearings and so on. In a broad sense, it includes standardized fasteners, connectors, transmission parts, seals, hydraulic components, pneumatic components, bearings, springs and other mechanical parts.
In a broad sense, it includes standardized fasteners, connectors, transmission parts, seals, hydraulic components, pneumatic components, bearings, springs and other mechanical parts.
Only standardized fasteners are included in the narrow sense. The commonly known standard part in China is the abbreviation of standard fastener, which is a narrow concept, but the existence of a broad concept cannot be excluded,. In addition, there are industry standard parts, such as automobile standard parts and mold standard parts, which also belong to generalized standard parts.
